AP 汇总报道：加州新法意在保护未成年人免受社交媒体伤害（州级监管综述，事件已过去约 3.5 天）

New California laws aim to protect kids from social media harms | AP News
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California governor signs laws aimed at protecting kids from risks of social media, AI chatbots
California governor signs laws aimed at protecting kids from risks of social media, AI chatbots
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California Gov. Gavin Newsom, right, and his wife, First partner Jennifer Siebel Newsom, arrive at the Bay Area Discovery Museum, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2026, in Sausalito, Calif. (AP Photo/Jeff Chiu)
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California Gov. Gavin Newsom speaks at a news conference at the Bay Area Discovery Museum, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2026, in Sausalito, Calif. (AP Photo/Jeff Chiu)
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Assemblymember Buffy Wicks, left, listens to speakers next to California Gov. Gavin Newsom during a news conference at the Bay Area Discovery Museum, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2026, in Sausalito, Calif. (AP Photo/Jeff Chiu)
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California Gov. Gavin Newsom, bottom center, signs bills at the Bay Area Discovery Museum, Thursday, Sept. 10, 2026, in Sausalito, Calif. (AP Photo/Jeff Chiu)
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By
SOPHIE AUSTIN
Updated 6:11 AM GMT+8, September 11, 2026
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SACRAMENTO, Calif. (AP) — California Gov. Gavin Newsom signed a sweeping package of laws Thursday aimed at protecting children from the risks of technology, including social media and AI chatbots.
The laws will penalize large social media companies up to $1 million per child if they are found negligent of harming children through their platforms, ban tech businesses from offering addictive feeds to anyone under 16, require operators of AI chatbots to perform risk assessments before rolling them out and allow families to opt out of receiving school-issued laptops.
Newsom joined his wife and state lawmakers at a children’s museum near San Francisco to stress the importance of protecting kids at a time when they have such easy access to social media and AI chatbots.
“We have designed cribs to be safe, chairs to be safe, car seats,” Assemblymember Rebecca Bauer-Kahan said. “Yet we’ve allowed technology to be handed to our children and never asked or expected it to be safe.”
Meta
reached a settlement
with California and 28 other states last month after they alleged in a 2023 lawsuit that the tech giant deliberately designed features to addict children. The company agreed to pay up to $18 billion and strengthen its child safety measures.
___
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EDITOR’S NOTE: This story includes discussion of suicide. If you or someone you know needs help, the national suicide and crisis lifeline in the U.S. is available by calling or texting 988.
___
Other states have also pushed in recent years for better guardrails to protect children from the potential harms of social media.
Two years ago, New York state approved a law allowing parents to block their children from getting social media posts suggested by a platform’s algorithm, a move to limit feeds that critics argue are addictive. The policy is scheduled to go into effect early next year.
Newsom said the new California laws highlight the state’s leadership on the issue.
“It’s a good day for our children,” he said. “It’s a good day for the state of California.”
Jim Steyer, the founder of Common Sense Media, whose brother, Tom Steyer,
ran for governor
, said the laws were “the most important, comprehensive legislation” on the subject in the history of the U.S.
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But Meta raised concerns about some of the bills, saying the law to restrict addictive feeds hinders the company’s ability to bring enjoyable content to users on its platforms.
“We believe that delivering a tailored experience is an important part of what makes Facebook and Instagram valuable for teens as they connect with family and friends and explore their interests — safely,” spokesperson Jim Cullinan said in a statement. “Personalization is also how we deliver age-appropriate content for teens that is relevant to them — all with the proper guardrails in place.”
Newsom has walked a fine line on technology policy during his nearly eight years serving as governor in the nation’s most populous state, whose status as a global tech hub he has repeatedly touted in speeches.
He signed a law last year requiring platforms to remind users they are interacting with a chatbot and not a human. Hours later, he
vetoed a bill
that would have banned companies from making AI chatbots available to anyone under 18 years old unless the businesses could ensure the technology couldn’t engage in sexual conversations or encourage self-harm.
Newsom also
signed a law in 2024
to restrict student use of smartphones in schools.
Maria Raine, a mother whose teenage son, Adam, died by suicide last year, said he died because he was “coached” by a chatbot. One of the laws Newsom signed, which requires chatbot operators to implement certain safety measures to protect children, was inspired by Adam’s story.
“Adam was an early adopter of AI, and so many of us parents did not understand the dangers back then,” Raine said at a news conference. “Now, we are all becoming more aware of the dangers of AI companionship and the need for our government to act to protect our children.”
Newsom also signed laws Wednesday, which are supported by Anthropic, that are aimed at improving oversight of AI companies. One of the measures requires the state to create rules for independent organizations to evaluate the safety risks of AI models, and the other requires the state to create a registry of AI auditors, who’d have to be financially independent from the businesses they are auditing.
SOPHIE AUSTIN
Austin covers California state government and politics for the Associated Press. She reports on environmental, education and reparations policies.
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Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it automatically sends when accessing the Internet (for instance, the IP address of your Internet connection or the type of browser you are using) in support of the purposes exposed in this notice.
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Performance Tracking Technologies
Performance Tracking Technologies
These tracking technologies (such as cookies) allow us to measure the overall performance of our site through analytics, such as visit counting and traffic sourcing. For example, these technologies help us learn which areas of our site are the most and least popular so we can provide users with better experiences. If you choose not to allow these technologies, we will not know where you visited on our site, and your visit will not be reflected in our performance monitoring.
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Functional Tracking Technologies
Functional Tracking Technologies
These tracking technologies (such as cookies) enable our site to provide enhanced functionality and personalization. These technologies may be set by us or our third-party service providers whose services we have added to our site. If you choose not to allow these technologies, some services on our site may not function properly and may impact your user experience.
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Social Media Tracking Technologies
Social Media Tracking Technologies
These tracking technologies (such as cookies) may be set by a range of social media services that we have added to our site to enable you to share our content with your friends and networks. They can track your browser across other sites and build a profile of your interests, which may impact the content and messages you see on other web sites you visit. If you choose not to allow these technologies, you may not be able to use or see these sharing tools.
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Targeting Tracking Technologies
Targeting Tracking Technologies
These tracking technologies (such as cookies) may be set by us or third parties with whom we have business relationships, such as advertising partners, who may use information they obtain to show you relevant ads on this and other sites. If you choose not to allow these technologies, you will experience less targeted advertising, but you will continue to see ads that may be less relevant or based only on information that we collect directly from your use of our site.
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Store and/or access information on a device
502 partners can use this purpose
Store and/or access information on a device
Cookies, device or similar online identifiers (e.g. login-based identifiers, randomly assigned identifiers, network based identifiers) together with other information (e.g. browser type and information, language, screen size, supported technologies etc.) can be stored or read on your device to recognise it each time it connects to an app or to a website, for one or several of the purposes presented here.
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Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development
594 partners can use this purpose
Personalised advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research and services development
Create profiles for personalised advertising
383 partners can use this purpose
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Information about your activity on this service (such as forms you submit, content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (for example, information from your previous activity on this service and other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (that might include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present advertising that appears more relevant based on your possible interests by this and other entities.
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Use limited data to select advertising
474 partners can use this purpose
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Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on limited data, such as the website or app you are using, your non-precise location, your device type or which content you are (or have been) interacting with (for example, to limit the number of times an ad is presented to you).
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Use profiles to select personalised advertising
379 partners can use this purpose
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Advertising presented to you on this service can be based on your advertising profiles, which can reflect your activity on this service or other websites or apps (like the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects.
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Create profiles to personalise content
146 partners can use this purpose
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Information about your activity on this service (for instance, forms you submit, non-advertising content you look at) can be stored and combined with other information about you (such as your previous activity on this service or other websites or apps) or similar users. This is then used to build or improve a profile about you (which might for example include possible interests and personal aspects). Your profile can be used (also later) to present content that appears more relevant based on your possible interests, such as by adapting the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find content that matches your interests.
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Use profiles to select personalised content
128 partners can use this purpose
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Content presented to you on this service can be based on your content personalisation profiles, which can reflect your activity on this or other services (for instance, the forms you submit, content you look at), possible interests and personal aspects. This can for example be used to adapt the order in which content is shown to you, so that it is even easier for you to find (non-advertising) content that matches your interests.
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Measure advertising performance
551 partners can use this purpose
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Information regarding which advertising is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine how well an advert has worked for you or other users and whether the goals of the advertising were reached. For instance, whether you saw an ad, whether you clicked on it, whether it led you to buy a product or visit a website, etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of advertising campaigns.
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Measure content performance
220 partners can use this purpose
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Information regarding which content is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine whether the (non-advertising) content e.g. reached its intended audience and matched your interests. For instance, whether you read an article, watch a video, listen to a podcast or look at a product description, how long you spent on this service and the web pages you visit etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of (non-advertising) content that is shown to you.
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Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different sources
351 partners can use this purpose
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Reports can be generated based on the combination of data sets (like user profiles, statistics, market research, analytics data) regarding your interactions and those of other users with advertising or (non-advertising) content to identify common characteristics (for instance, to determine which target audiences are more receptive to an ad campaign or to certain contents).
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Develop and improve services
423 partners can use this purpose
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Information about your activity on this service, such as your interaction with ads or content, can be very helpful to improve products and services and to build new products and services based on user interactions, the type of audience, etc. This specific purpose does not include the development or improvement of user profiles and identifiers.
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Use precise geolocation data
160 partners can use this special feature
Use precise geolocation data
With your acceptance, your precise location (within a radius of less than 500 metres) may be used in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
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Actively scan device characteristics for identification
104 partners can use this special feature
Actively scan device characteristics for identification
With your acceptance, certain characteristics specific to your device might be requested and used to distinguish it from other devices (such as the installed fonts or plugins, the resolution of your screen) in support of the purposes explained in this notice.
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